Hello friends in this topic, we will discuss some basic knowledge of Bearing and also know how many types of bearing and their application, parts of the bearing, uses, etc.
Bearing plays a very most important role in any machinery, moving parts, etc.
Without bearing, we are not capable of running any machine like lathe machine, drilling machine, pump, motor, etc.
Bearing is generally made from high carbon chromium steel metal and also heat treated that’s why these are hard and tough.
The main principle of bearing is reducing friction between two moving parts and also it is capable to exist load.
On how many types of bearing? Bearings are of only two types, friction, and antifriction bearings, and further subdivided these two like solid bearing, ball bearing, roller bearing, etc.
This is just an overview we know further in detail.
Bearing Definition
The bearing is an element that impels the relative motion and reduces friction between the moving shaft or part of the machine to achieve a constant speed.
Or
Devices that support the rotating parts of a machine are called bearing.
For example, to prevent deviations in the shaft of the machine while rotating, a bearing is used.
How many types of Bearing?
Several types of bearings are used according to the requirement of a given system.
Many types of bearings are used according to design, load, and size.
But mostly we can categorize two types of bearing.
- Friction Bearing
- Antifriction Bearing
Friction Bearing
These bearings are the hollow round shape of cast iron, bronze, brass, bakery, and white metal.
In such a bearing, Lubricant is used to reduced friction.
These bearings are used for slow running and heavy load on the shaft.
In these types of bearing there are no rolling elements are used.
This type of bearing is also known as plain bearing, sliding bearing as well as a slide bearing.
Types of Friction Bearing
Friction bearing can be further classified into six categories.
- Solid Bearing
- Bush Bearing
- Self-Aligning Bush Bearing
- Pedestal Bearing
- Foot Bearing
- Collar Bearing
- Fluid Bearing
Solid Bearing
They are made of cast iron or bronze bush and fit into fabricated or cast iron houses.
Bush bearing is used for small and light shafts and operating at low speeds.
Solid bearing’s bore is weakened during continuous running on the shaft, and there comes a time that the whole bearing has to be replaced.
To avoid this, the bore diameter of the bearing is increased and fitted to the bush inside it, and after the bush is damaged, it is easily changed. And there is no need to change the entire bearing.
That’s why these bearings are sometimes also called bush bearings.
Bush Bearing
These bearings are made of brass or cast iron in a round shape.
To prevent it from moving, a screw is fixed at one end and this screw is fixed half in the bush and half in the block.
These bearings are used for the high-speed requirement and where there is a possibility of corroding some parts.
Clearly see in figure solid bearing and bush bearing
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| Solid and Bush Bearing |
Self-Aligning Bush Bearing
This type of bearing is used where the shaft is found to be long and a little of alignment is missing.
Pedestal Bearing
These bearings are used for long shafts, especially those requiring intermediate support, especially when the shaft bearing cannot be face-mounted.
It consists of a stand or base, a cover, and a sleeve that is divided into two parts called bearing brass.
Foot Bearing
These bearings are used to support the shaft in a steady state where the bearings are in parallel to the axis of the shaft and one edge of the shaft is inside the bearing.
Collar Bearing
A bearing that prevents the axial force of a collar on a rotating shaft.
Fluid Bearing
Fluid bearings are those bearing in which lubrication fluid is used as liquid or gas.
Types of Fluid Bearing
A fluid bearing can be divided into two parts.
- Hydrodynamic Bearing
- Hydrostatic Bearing
See in figure types of fluid bearing
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| Types of Fluid Bearing |
Hydrodynamic Bearing
Hydrodynamic bearing is a bearing system that uses liquids such as oil, water at atmospheric pressure and there is no any type of external pressure applied.
These types of bearings were not concentric with journals or shafts and found some eccentricity.
Hydrodynamic bearings are always operated at high speed and are mostly used in Engines, Steam, and hydraulic turbine.
Hydrostatic Bearing
Hydrostatic bearing is a bearing system that uses a pressurized liquid such as oil, water through an external pump.
These types of bearings are always concentric with journals or shafts and no eccentricities are present.
They are highly accurate, almost wear-free, and operated at low speed also.
Especially used in high-precision applications in machine tool measuring, testing, and engineering.
Antifriction Bearing
The main purpose of these bearings is to use specific shapes to reduce friction in the bearing.
These bearings are also known as Rolling element bearing, rolling bearing as well as Rolling contact bearing.
In these types of bearing, rolling elements are used thus reducing the friction.
Such effects have a long lifespan and also load is carried out through rolling elements which are fitted inside of the bearing.
Types of Antifriction Bearing
There are two types of antifriction or rolling element bearing which are given below.
- Ball Bearing
- Roller Bearing
Ball Bearing
A ball bearing is a type of bearing element which uses a ball and that ball is fitted between races of a bearing and moving inside that means ball bearings use a ball as a rolling element.
Because of using the ball as a rolling element so here found a point contact in between the ball and races.
We use the ball bearing to reduce friction between moving parts and to exist radial and axial load.
Types of Ball Bearing
Ball bearing can be further classified into the following parts.
- Single Row Ball Bearing
- Double Row Ball Bearing
- Angular Contact Ball Bearing
- Thrust Ball Bearing
- Self-Aligning Ball Bearing
- Deep Groove Ball Bearing
- Filling Notch Ball Baring
See in the figure, some types of ball bearing and that explanation is given below.
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| Types of Ball Bearing |
Single Row Ball Bearing
This type of bearing ball is arranged in a single row manner.
This type of bearing is mostly used for high speed and to bear radial load.
These are used in small pumps and motors.
Double Row Ball Bearing
This type of bearing ball is arranged in two rows in a specific manner.
This type of bearing radial load existing capacity of more than a single row ball bearing.
Angular Contact Ball Bearing
This type of bearing is designed in such a manner to bear angular and as well as axial loads.
These types of bearing are mostly used for high radial and axial loads.
Generally, the point contact angle in a ball bearing is at 90° but in the case of angular contact bearing it is at some angle instead of 90°.
Thrust Ball Bearing
This type of ball bearing is used to bear horizontal and vertical thrust loads.
Self-Aligning Ball Bearing
These types of bearing are used to withstand journal load and where a little of alignment is missing.
Deep Groove Ball Bearing
In this type of bearing balls are inserted in a groove which is made in between the inner and outer races.
These types of bearing existing load capacity are high as compared to other types of a ball bearings.
Filling Notch Ball Bearing
This bearing is almost similar to a deep groove ball bearing but the only difference is here notch is made in the outer and inner race.
These types of bearing existing load capacity are high as compared to deep groove ball bearing.
Roller Bearing
Bearings, which is the rolling contact between surfaces operating based on rolling friction.
In these types of bearing using the roller as a rolling element so here found line contact in between races.
That’s why these types of bearings existing load capacity are more than ball bearings.
Roller bearings are available with grooved races in the outer and inner members as like ball bearings.
Roller bearings are capable of carrying magazine (radial) loads, and It can work with higher loads than ball bearings.
To use this bearing, it is necessary to close the race.
Types of Roller Bearings
Roller bearing can further sub divided into the following types.
- Self-Aligning Roller Bearing
- Cylindrical Roller Bearing
- Gear Bearing
- Spherical Roller Bearing
- Needle Roller Bearing
- Taper Roller Bearing
See in figure some of roller bearing types
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| Types of Roller Bearing |
Self-Aligning Roller Bearing
This type of bearing is used where a little of alignment is missing.
Also, this type of bearing is used where high rpm and high radial load are required.
Cylindrical Roller Bearing
In this type of bearing, a cylinder type rolling element is used whose diameter is greater than its length.
This type of bearing is found in single, double, and multiple rows.
These types of bearing are mostly used in heavy rotors and pumps.
Gear Bearing
In this type of roller bearing elliptical gear has arranged as a rolling element in which present smaller satellite gears that revolute around the center of bearing.
This type of bearing improves efficiency and also reduces sliding friction.
Spherical Roller Bearing
These bearings are self-aligning and both races are grinded to this effect.
These bearings are found in the double row series.
These types of bearings existing radial and axial load capacity are high and used for high speed.
These types of bearing work as self align bearing and are mostly used in conveyor and gear boxes.
Needle Roller Bearing
This type of bearing needle is used as a rolling element that is long in distance and increases surface contact thus needle roller bearing to existing radial load capacity is high.
These types of bearing are used in the automobile industry and compressors where reciprocating motion is performed.
Taper Roller Bearing
These types of bearing are used to bear radial and axial load.
These types of bearing’s inner race, outer race, and rollers are in a taper shape.
These types of bearing are mostly used for gear boxes and agricultural machinery.
Some special types of Bearing
Jewel Bearing
In these types of bearing axial is loaded by rolling slight off-center.
This type of bearing is mostly used in clocks.
Magnetic Bearing
In this bearing, a magnetic field carries the load.
These are generally applicable in generators and sometimes special types of motor.
Flexure Bearing
In this bearing, a load element (which turns) shelters the motion.
Parts of Bearing
There are the following parts that are used in bearing.
- Inner Race
- Outer Race
- Rolling Element
- Cage
See in the figure all parts of bearing which are described below in detail.
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| Parts of Bearing |
Inner Race
This is the part that is mounted on the rotating shaft and it helps in rotating the shaft.
The inner race is generally made from hot forging and then heat treated after that grinding and polishing are also done.
Outer Race
This is the part that is mounted on the housing and It stays steady.
It also performs the function of transferring loads from bearing to housing.
For making outer race same procedure is applied as an inner race.
Rolling Element
These are the elements that carry the load and divide it into whole raceways.
They have a tendency to move around the inner race but the speed at which the inner race revolves.
This part of the bearing is only found in antifriction bearing which is also known as rolling element bearing.
Cage
This is an important element of bearing.
It acts as a barrier between a ball or roller and prevents them from colliding with each other.
It is also called a retainer as well as a separator.
So, I hope friends these topic bearing in which we have to know in detail how many types of bearing, part, and their applications are useful for you.
If you have any queries you are free to ask me.
FAQ for Types of Bearing
What is sleeve bearing?
Sleeve bearings facilitate linear or rotational motion between two parts.
It also reduces vibration and noise by absorbing friction between two moving parts.
What is the most commonly used bearing?
Deep groove ball bearings are that bearing that is mostly used in industry.
Which bearing is used in the gearbox?
Generally, cylindrical roller, taper roller, and spherical roller type of bearing are used in gearbox.
What is radial bearing?
A bearing in which the direction of action of the transmitted load is radial which means perpendicular to the axis of the shaft called a radial bearing.
Such as single row ball bearing, double row ball bearings are used to bear radial load.
Where are needle bearings used?
These types of bearing are used in the automobile industry and compressors where reciprocating motion is performed.
What is pivot bearing?
Pivot bearings are frictionless bearings used for pivoting, angular or oscillating applications.
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